Graphite ufa ndi mtundu wa mchere ufa, makamaka wopangidwa ndi mpweya, ofewa ndi mdima imvi;Ndi mafuta ndipo akhoza kuipitsa pepala.Kulimba ndi 1-2, ndipo kuuma kumatha kuwonjezereka mpaka 3-5 ndikuwonjezeka kwa zonyansa molunjika.Mphamvu yokoka ndi 1.9 ~ 2.3.Pansi pa chikhalidwe cha kudzipatula kwa okosijeni, malo ake osungunuka amakhala pamwamba pa 3000 ℃, ndipo ndi imodzi mwa mchere wosamva kutentha.Pansi kutentha yachibadwa, mankhwala zimatha graphite ufa ndi okhazikika, insoluble m'madzi, kuchepetsa asidi, kuchepetsa alkali ndi organic zosungunulira;Zinthuzo zimakhala ndi kukana kutentha kwambiri komanso kuwongolera, ndipo zitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati zopangira zopangira mafuta, zowongolera komanso zosagwirizana ndi mafuta.

Milandu yofunsira
1. Ntchito ngati zinthu refractory: graphite ndi mankhwala ake ndi katundu kukana kutentha ndi mkulu mphamvu.Amagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka popanga ma graphite crucibles mumakampani opanga zitsulo.Popanga zitsulo, graphite nthawi zambiri imagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati njira yotetezera zitsulo zachitsulo ndi ng'anjo yazitsulo.
2. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati ma conductive zinthu: amagwiritsidwa ntchito m'makampani opanga magetsi kupanga maelekitirodi, maburashi, ndodo za kaboni, machubu a kaboni, mtengo wabwino wa mercury positive, ma graphite gaskets, magawo a foni, ndi zokutira machubu azithunzi za kanema wawayilesi.
3. Monga mafuta osagwira ntchito: graphite imagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati mafuta pamakampani opanga makina.Mafuta opaka mafuta sangagwiritsidwe ntchito pa liwiro lalikulu, kutentha kwambiri komanso kuthamanga kwambiri, pamene zinthu zosagwirizana ndi graphite zimatha kugwira ntchito popanda mafuta odzola pa liwiro lalikulu (I) 200 ~ 2000 ℃.Zida zambiri zonyamulira media zowononga zimapangidwa kwambiri ndi zida za graphite kukhala makapu a pistoni, mphete zomata ndi mayendedwe.Sayenera kuwonjezera mafuta opaka pakugwira ntchito.Emulsion ya graphite ndi mafuta abwino opangira zitsulo zambiri (zojambula za waya ndi kujambula chitoliro).

cholinga
Makampani opinda
Graphite ali ndi kukhazikika kwa mankhwala.Mwapadera kukonzedwa graphite ali makhalidwe a kukana dzimbiri, madutsidwe wabwino matenthedwe ndi permeability otsika.Amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri popanga zosinthira kutentha, akasinja ochitira, ma condensers, nsanja zoyaka moto, nsanja zoyatsira, zoziziritsa kukhosi, zotenthetsera, zosefera ndi zida zopopera.Amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri mu petrochemical, hydrometallurgy, asidi ndi alkali kupanga, fiber synthetic, mapepala ndi magawo ena ogulitsa mafakitale, omwe amatha kupulumutsa zitsulo zambiri.

Ntchito ngati kuponyera, maziko, akamaumba ndi mkulu-kutentha metallurgical zipangizo: Chifukwa yaing'ono matenthedwe kukulitsa coefficient ya graphite ndi mphamvu yake kupirira kusintha kuzirala mofulumira ndi kutentha, angagwiritsidwe ntchito ngati nkhungu kwa glassware.Pambuyo pa ntchito ya graphite, zitsulo zachitsulo zimatha kupeza kukula kwake kolondola, kutsika kwapamwamba pamtunda, ndipo kungagwiritsidwe ntchito popanda kukonza kapena kukonza pang'ono, motero kupulumutsa zitsulo zambiri.Popanga simenti ya carbide ndi njira zina zopangira ufa, zida za graphite nthawi zambiri zimagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga mabwato a ceramic kuti azikanikizira ndi kuwotcha.Kukula kwa kristalo wa silicon ya monocrystalline, chidebe choyenga m'chigawo, chotchingira cha bracket, chotenthetsera chotenthetsera, ndi zina zonse zimapangidwa ndi graphite yoyera kwambiri.Kuphatikiza apo, graphite itha kugwiritsidwanso ntchito ngati mbale yotchinjiriza ya graphite ndi m'munsi mwa vacuum smelting, chubu cha ng'anjo yotentha kwambiri, ndodo, mbale, latisi ndi zinthu zina.

Graphite imatha kuletsanso kuwotcha.Mayeso oyenerera amawonetsa kuti kuwonjezera ufa wa graphite (pafupifupi magalamu 4 ~ 5 pa tani yamadzi) m'madzi kungalepheretse kuwotcha pamwamba.Komanso, ❖ kuyanika graphite pa chimney zitsulo, denga, mlatho ndi mapaipi angalepheretse dzimbiri ndi dzimbiri.

Graphite angagwiritsidwe ntchito ngati pensulo lead, pigment ndi kupukuta wothandizira.Pambuyo pokonza mwapadera, graphite ikhoza kupangidwa kukhala zipangizo zosiyanasiyana zapadera zamadipatimenti oyenerera a mafakitale.

Kuphatikiza apo, graphite ndi chida chopukutira komanso antirust wothandizira magalasi ndi mapepala pamafakitale opepuka, komanso chinthu chofunikira kwambiri popanga mapensulo, inki, utoto wakuda, inki, diamondi yokumba ndi diamondi.Ndizinthu zabwino zopulumutsa mphamvu komanso zoteteza chilengedwe, zomwe zakhala zikugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati batire yagalimoto ku United States.Ndi chitukuko cha sayansi yamakono, teknoloji ndi mafakitale, ntchito yogwiritsira ntchito graphite ikukulabe.Zakhala zofunikira zopangira zida zatsopano zophatikizika m'munda wapamwamba kwambiri ndipo zimagwira ntchito yofunika kwambiri pazachuma cha dziko.

Kupinda chitetezo cha dziko
Ntchito mu makampani mphamvu atomiki ndi chitetezo dziko makampani: graphite ali wabwino neutroni woyang'anira ntchito mu riyakitala atomiki, ndi uranium-graphite riyakitala ndi mtundu wa riyakitala atomiki kuti ambiri ntchito.Zinthu zochepetsera mu nyukiliya zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati mphamvu ziyenera kukhala ndi malo osungunuka kwambiri, okhazikika komanso osachita dzimbiri.Graphite imatha kukwaniritsa zofunikira pamwambapa.Chiyero cha graphite chomwe chimagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati choyatsira atomiki ndichokwera kwambiri, ndipo zonyansa siziyenera kupitilira ma PPM ambiri.Makamaka, zomwe zili ndi boron ziyenera kukhala zosakwana 0.5PPM.M'makampani achitetezo cha dziko, graphite imagwiritsidwanso ntchito kupanga nozzle ya rocket yamafuta olimba, mphuno ya mzinga, zida zapamlengalenga, zida zotchinjiriza matenthedwe ndi zida zotsutsa ma radiation.