Makampani opanga mapepala nthawi zonse amafunafuna njira zowongolera ubwino wa mapepala ndikuchepetsa ndalama zopangira. Silicon dioxide (silicon dioxide/white carbon black/silika) yakhala yowonjezera yofunika kwambiri popanga mapepala chifukwa cha kapangidwe kake kapadera komanso mankhwala ake. Tinthu tating'onoting'ono tating'onoting'ono, tomwe nthawi zambiri timakhala pamwamba pa 200 m²/g, timalumikizana ndi ulusi wa mapepala pamlingo wa mamolekyulu, zomwe zimathandiza kuti zinthu ziwonjezeke. Itha kugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati chodzaza, utoto wokutira, komanso choyezera kukula kwa mapepala popanga mapepala, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pepala likhale lolimba, losalala, komanso losasinthika. Kaya ndi pepala lopaka utoto wapamwamba kwambiri losindikizira kapena pepala lofewa logwiritsidwa ntchito tsiku ndi tsiku, kaboni wakuda woyera ukhoza kukhala ndi gawo lofunika kwambiri pakukonza magwiridwe antchito azinthu.

Kaboni yathu yakuda yoyera yopangidwa ndi pepala lopaka utoto imadutsa mu njira yapadera yopangira zinthu zotentha, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti tinthu tating'onoting'ono tikhale 20-30nm. Kapangidwe kolondola kameneka kamachepetsa kuuma kwa pamwamba pa pepala lopaka utoto kufika pansi pa 0.5μm, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pepala lopaka utoto likhale losalala ngati galasi. Pakusindikiza, inki imatha kuyamwa mofanana, kupewa mavuto monga kusokoneza inki ndi mtundu wosafanana. Kampani yodziwika bwino yopanga mapepala osindikizira ku Japan inachita mayeso a miyezi isanu ndi umodzi, ndikuwonjezera 10% ya kaboni yathu yakuda yoyera ku fomula yawo yopaka utoto. Zotsatira zake zinali zodabwitsa: kuwonjezeka kwa 25% kwa kunyezimira kwa pepala, kusintha kwa 15% kwa tanthauzo la kusindikiza, ndi kuwonjezeka kwa 20% kwa liwiro la kuumitsa kwa pepalalo, zomwe zinapangitsa kuti ntchito yopangira ikhale yabwino kwambiri. Kuphatikiza apo, kukana kwa pepalalo ku kusweka kunawonjezeka ndi 18%, kukulitsa nthawi yake yosungiramo zinthu ndikuwonjezera mpikisano pamsika.

Pa pepala la minofu, kufewa ndi kulimba ndi zizindikiro ziwiri zofunika zomwe ogula amasamala nazo. Mapepala a minofu achikhalidwe nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi vuto la kufooka kwa mphamvu—osavuta kusweka akakhala onyowa. Kuwonjezera kuchuluka koyenera kwa kaboni wakuda woyera ku pepala la minofu kungathe kuthetsa vutoli. Malo akuluakulu a pamwamba pa kaboni wakuda woyera amalola kuti apange ma hydrogen bond ndi ulusi wa cellulose mu pulp, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti mphamvu yolumikizana pakati pa ulusi ikhale yowonjezereka. Pamene kuchuluka kwa zowonjezera kuli 1-2%, mphamvu youma yolimba ya pepala la minofu ikhoza kuwonjezeka ndi 10%, ndipo mphamvu yonyowa yolimba ikhoza kuwonjezeka ndi 15%, pomwe kufewa kwa pepala la minofu sikukhudzidwa. Izi zili choncho chifukwa tinthu tating'onoting'ono kwambiri ta kaboni wakuda woyera tingadzaze mipata pakati pa ulusi popanda kupanga kapangidwe kolimba, kuonetsetsa kuti pepala la minofu likhale lofewa komanso losavuta kugwiritsa ntchito.

Kampani ina ya ku Ulaya yogulitsa mapepala a tissue paper inaphatikiza utoto wathu wa kaboni woyera mu mzere wawo wopangira ndipo inachita mayeso osayang'ana kwa ogula. Zotsatira zake zinasonyeza kuti 82% ya ogula ankakonda utoto wokonzedwa bwino, ponena kuti unali wolimba komanso wofewa wosasinthika. Zotsatira zake, malonda awo adalandiridwa kwambiri ndi ogula, ndipo malonda adakwera ndi 30% mkati mwa theka la chaka. Kusanthula kwina kunawonetsa kuti kuwonjezera utoto wakuda wa kaboni woyera kunathandizanso kuti pepalalo lisagwere, zomwe zinasunga utoto wake woyera kwa nthawi yayitali.

Pakupanga mapepala apadera monga pepala losefera ndi pepala loteteza magetsi, mawonekedwe apadera a white carbon black amagwiritsidwanso ntchito mokwanira. Pepala losefera loyeretsera madzi liyenera kukhala ndi ma porosity abwino komanso mphamvu yothira madzi. Kuwonjezera silika wofukiza wokhala ndi tinthu tating'onoting'ono ta 5-10nm ku pepala losefera kumatha kuwonjezera ma porosity a pepala ndi 20%. Tinthu ta silica tili ndi mphamvu yothira madzi kwambiri kuti tichotse zinyalala monga ma ayoni achitsulo cholemera ndi zinthu zachilengedwe m'madzi, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pepala losefera likhale ndi mphamvu yothira madzi ambiri, ndipo kulondola kwa kusefera kumatha kufika 0.1μm.

Mu pulojekiti yoyesera ndi kampani yoyeretsa madzi, silika yathu yofukiza inagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga mapepala osefera. Zotsatira zake zinasonyeza kuti kuchuluka kwa ayoni olemera achitsulo kunakwera kuchoka pa 75% kufika pa 92%, ndipo kuchuluka kwa zonyansa zachilengedwe kunakwera ndi 25%. Ubwino wa madzi okonzedwa unakwaniritsa miyezo yokhwima kwambiri yapadziko lonse ya madzi akumwa.

Pepala loteteza magetsi limafuna mphamvu ya dielectric yambiri komanso kukana kutentha. Kuwonjezera kaboni wakuda woyera woyeretsedwa bwino (kuchuluka kwa SiO₂ ≥99.9%) ku pepala loteteza kutentha kungathandize kukweza mphamvu ya dielectric ya pepalalo kuchoka pa 15kV/mm kufika pa 25kV/mm ndikuwonjezera kukana kutentha kuchokera ku Class A (105°C) kufika ku Class B (130°C), zomwe zimapangitsa kuti likhale loyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito pazida zamagetsi zamagetsi amphamvu.

Kampani yathu inagwirizana ndi wopanga transformer kuti ayesere momwe pepala lotetezera kutentha limagwirira ntchito pogwiritsa ntchito kaboni wakuda woyera kwa maola 1000. Pambuyo pa maola 1000 ogwirira ntchito mosalekeza pa 120°C, pepala lotetezera kutentha linasunga bwino kwambiri mphamvu yamagetsi yotetezera kutentha, popanda kuwonongeka kwakukulu kwa mphamvu ya dielectric. Kupambana kumeneku kunalola wopanga kupanga mbadwo watsopano wa ma transformer ogwira ntchito bwino kwambiri, kuchepetsa kutayika kwa mphamvu ndi 12%.

Kampani yathu imapereka zinthu zosiyanasiyana zakuda za kaboni woyera zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga mapepala, kuphatikizapo zinthu zosungunuka bwino, zoyera kwambiri, komanso zabwino kwambiri. Giredi iliyonse yakonzedwa bwino kuti igwiritsidwe ntchito popanga mapepala—mwachitsanzo, kaboni woyera wa kaboni woyera wokhala ndi pepala wokhala ndi mafuta ochepa (≤150ml/100g), zomwe zimachepetsa kuchuluka kwa chomangira chomwe chimagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga mapepala, kuchepetsa ndalama zopangira; kaboni woyera wa kaboni woyera wokhala ndi pepala wokhala ndi madzi abwino, kuonetsetsa kuti madziwo afalikira mofanana m'mapepala. Zogulitsa zathu zonse zimakwaniritsa zofunikira zoteteza chilengedwe za makampani opanga mapepala, popanda zitsulo zolemera kapena zinthu zovulaza, ndipo zimatha kuwonongeka m'chilengedwe, zomwe zimachepetsa kuipitsa chilengedwe.

Ponena za zinthu zonyamula katundu, titha kupereka zinthu zonyamula katundu zambiri (500kg/thumba) ndi zinthu zazing'ono (25kg/thumba) malinga ndi zosowa za kasitomala, ndikugwirizana ndi makampani odziwa bwino ntchito zonyamula katundu kuti zinthuzo ziperekedwe ku fakitale ya kasitomala munthawi yake komanso motetezeka. Gulu lathu lothandizira pambuyo pogulitsa likupezeka maola 24 pa sabata kuti lithetse mavuto aliwonse okhudzana ndi zinthuzo, ndikupatsa makasitomala chidziwitso chopanda nkhawa.