Petroleum coke ndi chinthu chakuda kapena chotuwa cholimba cholimba chamafuta chokhala ndi zitsulo zonyezimira ndipo chimakhala ndi porous.

Mafuta a coke amafuta ndi ma hydrocarbon, okhala ndi 90-97% ya kaboni, 1.5-8% haidrojeni, nayitrogeni, chlorine, sulfure ndi zitsulo zolemera.Petroleum coke ndi wopangidwa kuchokera ku pyrolysis wa feedstock mafuta mu magawo ochedwa coking pa kutentha kwambiri kuti apange mafuta opepuka.Kutulutsa kwa petroleum coke ndi pafupifupi 25-30% yamafuta osaphika.Mtengo wake wochepa wa calorific uli pafupi ndi 1.5-2 nthawi ya malasha, phulusa siliposa 0,5%, chinthu chosasunthika chili pafupi ndi 11%, ndipo khalidweli liri pafupi ndi anthracite.Malinga ndi mawonekedwe ndi mawonekedwe a petroleum coke, mafuta a petroleum coke amatha kugawidwa m'mitundu 4: singano coke, siponji coke, projectile coke ndi ufa coke:

(1) Coke ya singano, yokhala ndi mawonekedwe owoneka ngati singano ndi kapangidwe ka fiber, imagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka ngati ma elekitirodi amphamvu kwambiri komanso apamwamba kwambiri a graphite popanga zitsulo.Popeza singano coke ali okhwima khalidwe index zofunika ponena za sulfure okhutira, phulusa, zinthu zosakhazikika ndi kachulukidwe weniweni, pali zofunika zapadera za luso singano kupanga coke ndi zipangizo.

(2) Sponge coke, yokhala ndi reactivity yapamwamba yamankhwala komanso zonyansa zochepa, imagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka m'makampani osungunula aluminiyamu ndi mafakitale a carbon.

(3) Coke ya projectile kapena coke yobulungira: Ndi yozungulira komanso 0.6-30mm m'mimba mwake.Nthawi zambiri amapangidwa kuchokera ku mafuta otsalira a sulfure ndi asphaltene ndipo angagwiritsidwe ntchito ngati mafuta opangira mafakitale monga kupanga magetsi ndi simenti.

(4) Powder coke: Imapangidwa ndi njira yophika madzi, yokhala ndi tinthu tating'onoting'ono (0.1-0.4mm m'mimba mwake), zomwe zimasokonekera kwambiri komanso kuchuluka kwamafuta owonjezera, kotero sizingagwiritsidwe ntchito mwachindunji pokonzekera ma elekitirodi ndi mafakitale a carbon.

Malingana ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya sulfure, ikhoza kugawidwa mu coke ya sulfure yapamwamba (sulfur zomwe zili pamwamba pa 3%) ndi coke ya sulfure yochepa (sulfur zomwe zili pansi pa 3%).Coke ya sulfure yotsika imatha kugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati phala la anode ndi anode ophikidwa kale pazomera za aluminiyamu komanso maelekitirodi a graphite pazomera zachitsulo.Pakati pawo, coke yapamwamba kwambiri ya sulfure (sulfure zosakwana 0.5%) ingagwiritsidwe ntchito kupanga ma electrode a graphite ndi zowonjezera carbon.Coke ya sulfure yotsika (yosakwana 1.5% sulfure) imagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga anode ophika kale.Coke yamafuta otsika kwambiri imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri posungunula silicon yamakampani ndikupanga phala la anode.Coke ya sulfure yambiri imagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati mafuta m'mafakitale a simenti ndi magetsi.

Mafuta a Calcined Coke:

Pankhani ya ma electrode a graphite opanga zitsulo kapena anode pastes (ma electrode osungunuka) a aluminiyamu ndi kupanga magnesiamu, kuti asinthe mafuta a petroleum coke (wobiriwira coke) kuti agwirizane ndi zofunikira, coke wobiriwira ayenera kukhala calcined.Kutentha kwa calcination nthawi zambiri kumakhala kozungulira 1300 ° C, cholinga chake ndikuchotsa magawo osakhazikika a petroleum coke momwe ndingathere.Mwa njira iyi, hydrogen zili zobwezerezedwanso mafuta coke akhoza kuchepetsedwa, ndi graphitization digiri ya mafuta coke akhoza bwino, potero kuwongolera mkulu kutentha mphamvu ndi kukana kutentha kwa graphite elekitirodi, ndi kuwongolera madutsidwe magetsi a graphite. electrode.Coke calcined amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri popanga ma elekitirodi a graphite, zinthu za carbon phala, mchenga wa diamondi, mafakitale a phosphorous a chakudya, mafakitale azitsulo ndi calcium carbide, omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri ndi ma electrode a graphite.Coke wobiriwira amatha kugwiritsidwa ntchito mwachindunji ku calcium carbide ngati chinthu chachikulu cha calcium carbide popanda calcination, ndikupanga silicon carbide ndi boron carbide ngati zida zowononga.Itha kugwiritsidwanso ntchito mwachindunji ngati coke kwa ng'anjo yophulika m'mafakitale azitsulo kapena njerwa za kaboni pakuyatsa khoma la ng'anjo, ndipo itha kugwiritsidwanso ntchito ngati coke wandiweyani poponya.