nkhani

Ufa wa aluminiyamu wopangidwa ndi silicate umapangidwa kudzera mu njira za mankhwala. Mwachitsanzo, njira ya sol-gel imaphatikizapo kuyanjana kwa mchere wa aluminiyamu (monga aluminiyamu nitrate) ndi zinthu zoyambira zomwe zili ndi silicon (monga tetraethyl orthosilicate) mu yankho lamadzi. Izi zimapanga gel, yomwe kenako imaumitsidwa ndikusungunuka pa kutentha kwambiri (800 - 1200°C) kuti ipange ufa wabwino kwambiri. Kupanga kwa hydrothermal ndi njira ina, komwe zinthu zopangira zimagwira ntchito pansi pa kuthamanga kwambiri ndi kutentha m'madzi, zomwe zimathandiza kuwongolera bwino kukula kwa tinthu ndi mawonekedwe ake.

Ufa wa aluminiyamu silicate umakhala ndi kutentha kolimba kwambiri, ndipo kutentha kwake kumapitirira 1600°C, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti ukhale woyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito kutentha kwambiri. Kukana kwake mankhwala ambiri kumalimbana ndi dzimbiri kuchokera ku ma acid ndi alkali ambiri, pomwe kutentha kwake kochepa kumapereka kutchinjiriza kwabwino kwambiri. Kukula kwa tinthu ta ufawo, kuyambira pa micrometer mpaka ma micrometer angapo, kumakhudza momwe umagwirira ntchito komanso momwe umafalikira. Mitundu yosinthidwa pamwamba, yokonzedwa ndi silane kapena ma polima, imathandizira kugwirizana ndi zinthu zina.

Mu zinthu zomangira, imagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati chinthu chofunikira kwambiri mu porcelain, miyala, ndi zinthu zomangira, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti makina azikhala olimba komanso kuchepetsa kutentha. Mwachitsanzo, mu uvuni, zinthu zomangira zopangidwa ndi aluminiyamu silicate zimapirira kutentha mpaka 1800°C. Pakupanga mapepala, imagwira ntchito ngati utoto wokutira, kuwonjezera kuwala, kuonekera bwino, komanso kusindikizidwa mosavuta. Makampani opanga zodzoladzola amagwiritsa ntchito ngati chodzaza ufa ndi mafuta, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zosalala komanso zoyamwa mafuta.​

Pomanga, zipangizo zotetezera kutentha zopangidwa ndi aluminiyamu silicate, monga mabulangeti ndi matabwa a ulusi, zimagwiritsidwa ntchito m'nyumba ndi m'mafakitale kuti zichepetse kutentha. Mu zamagetsi, imaphimba mabwalo ophatikizika chifukwa cha mphamvu zake zamagetsi komanso kutentha. Kuphatikiza apo, ufawu umagwiritsidwa ntchito pochiza madzi kuti utenge zitsulo zolemera ndi zinthu zoipitsa zachilengedwe, zomwe zimagwiritsa ntchito malo ake akuluakulu komanso mphamvu zake zosinthira ma ion.


Nthawi yotumizira: Juni-25-2025