Bentonite ndi mchere wopanda zitsulo makamaka wopangidwa ndi montmorillonite.Mapangidwe a montmorillonite ndi mtundu wa 2: 1 wamtundu wa kristalo wopangidwa ndi silica tetrahedra ziwiri zomangidwa ndi wosanjikiza wa aluminium oxide octahedra.Chifukwa cha mawonekedwe osanjikiza opangidwa ndi maselo a crystal montmorillonite, pali ma cations, monga Cu, Mg, Na, K, etc., ndipo kugwirizana kwawo ndi maselo a kristalo a montmorillonite kumakhala kosakhazikika, komwe kumakhala kosavuta kusinthanitsa ndi ma cations ena, kotero ali ndi katundu wabwino wosinthanitsa ndi ion.Kumayiko ena, idagwiritsidwa ntchito m'madipatimenti opitilira 100 m'magawo 24 opanga mafakitale ndi ulimi, ndi zinthu zopitilira 300, chifukwa chake anthu amachitcha "nthaka yapadziko lonse lapansi".

Bentonite imadziwikanso kuti bentonite, bentonite, kapena bentonite.China ili ndi mbiri yakale yopanga ndi kugwiritsa ntchito bentonite, yomwe poyamba inkagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati chotsukira.Panali migodi yotseguka m'dera la Renshou ku Sichuan zaka mazana ambiri zapitazo, ndipo anthu am'deralo ankatchula bentonite ngati ufa wadongo.Amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri koma ali ndi mbiri ya zaka zoposa zana limodzi.Kupezedwa koyamba ku United States kunali kudera lakale la Wyoming, komwe dongo lobiriwira lachikasu, lomwe limatha kukula kukhala phala pambuyo pothira madzi, limadziwika kuti bentonite.Ndipotu, mchere chigawo chachikulu cha bentonite ndi montmorillonite, ndi zili 85-90%.Zina za bentonite zimatsimikiziridwa ndi montmorillonite.Montmorillonite imatha kuwoneka mumitundu yosiyanasiyana monga wobiriwira wachikasu, wachikasu woyera, imvi, woyera, ndi zina zotero.Itha kupanga midadada yowirira kapena dothi lotayirira, yokhala ndi kumverera koterera ikamatikita ndi zala.Pambuyo powonjezera madzi, kuchuluka kwa midadada yaying'ono kumakula kangapo mpaka nthawi 20-30, kuwonekera mumadzi oyimitsidwa m'madzi, komanso m'malo ophatikizika pakakhala madzi pang'ono.Makhalidwe a montmorillonite amagwirizana ndi kapangidwe kake kake komanso kapangidwe ka mkati.

Dongo loyendetsedwa

Dongo lopangidwa ndi dongo ndi adsorbent yopangidwa kuchokera ku dongo (makamaka bentonite) monga zopangira, zomwe zimaperekedwa ndi mankhwala a inorganic acidification, kenako ndikutsuka ndi kuyanika madzi.Maonekedwe ake ndi ufa woyera wamkaka, wopanda fungo, wosakoma, wopanda poizoni, ndipo umakhala ndi mphamvu zotsatsa.Iwo akhoza adsorb wachikuda ndi organic zinthu.Ndizosavuta kuyamwa chinyezi mumlengalenga, ndikuchiyika kwa nthawi yayitali kumachepetsa magwiridwe antchito a adsorption.Komabe, kutentha kupitirira madigiri 300 Celsius kumayamba kutaya madzi a crystalline, kuchititsa kusintha kwapangidwe komanso kusokoneza zotsatira zake.Dongo adamulowetsa ndi insoluble m'madzi, zosungunulira organic, ndi mafuta osiyanasiyana, pafupifupi kwathunthu sungunuka otentha caustic koloko ndi asidi hydrochloric, ndi kachulukidwe wachibale wa 2.3-2.5, ndi kutupa kochepa m'madzi ndi mafuta.

Natural bleached nthaka

Dongo loyera lopangidwa mwachilengedwe lomwe limapangidwa ndi blekning ndi dongo loyera, lotuwa lopangidwa makamaka ndi montmorillonite, albite, ndi quartz, ndipo ndi mtundu wa bentonite.
Makamaka chopangidwa ndi kuwonongeka kwa magalasi kuphulika miyala, amene sakulitsa pambuyo kuyamwa madzi, ndi pH mtengo wa kuyimitsidwa ndi wosiyana ndi zamchere bentonite;Kuchita kwake koyera ndi koyipa kwambiri kuposa dongo lomwe limagwira ntchito.Mitunduyo nthawi zambiri imakhala yachikasu chowala, yobiriwira yoyera, imvi, ya azitona, yofiirira, yoyera yamkaka, yofiira pichesi, yabuluu, ndi zina zambiri. Pali zoyera zochepa kwambiri.Kachulukidwe 2.7-2.9g/cm.Kachulukidwe kowoneka bwino nthawi zambiri amakhala otsika chifukwa cha porosity yake.Mapangidwe a mankhwala ndi ofanana ndi dongo wamba, ndi zigawo zikuluzikulu za mankhwala ndi aluminium oxide, silicon dioxide, madzi, ndi chitsulo chochepa, magnesium, calcium, etc. Palibe pulasitiki, yokhala ndi mphamvu zambiri.Chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwake kwa hydrous silicic acid, imakhala acidic ku litmus.Madzi amatha kusweka ndipo amakhala ndi madzi ambiri.Nthawi zambiri, kung'ambika bwino, kumapangitsanso mphamvu ya decolorization.

Bentonite miyala
Bentonite ore ndi mchere wokhala ndi ntchito zambiri, komanso ubwino wake.