Mkanda woyandama ndi mtundu wa mpira wopanda kanthu womwe ungayandama pamwamba pa madzi. Ndi woyera imvi, woonda komanso wopanda kanthu pakhoma, wopepuka kwambiri kulemera kwake, ndi kulemera kwa unit ya 720kg/m3 (wolemera) ndi 418.8kg/m3 (wopepuka), kukula kwa tinthu tating'onoting'ono ta pafupifupi 0.1mm, wotsekedwa komanso wosalala pamwamba, wochepa kutentha, komanso wokana moto ≥ 1610 ℃. Ndi wabwino kwambiri wosunga kutentha, womwe umagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri popanga zinthu zopepuka komanso kuboola mafuta. Kapangidwe ka mankhwala ka mkanda woyandama makamaka ndi silicon dioxide ndi aluminium oxide. Uli ndi makhalidwe ambiri, monga tinthu tating'onoting'ono, topanda kanthu, topepuka, mphamvu zambiri, kukana kuwonongeka, kukana kutentha kwambiri, kukana kutentha, kukana kutentha, kukana kutentha komanso kukana moto. Ndi chimodzi mwa zinthu zopangira zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri mumakampani okana moto.

Chiyambi

Kuchita bwino kwambiri ndi kugwiritsa ntchito mikanda yoyandama

Kukana moto kwambiri. Zigawo zazikulu za mankhwala a mkanda woyandama ndi silicon ndi aluminiyamu oxides, zomwe silicon dioxide ndi pafupifupi 48-66% ndipo aluminiyamu oxide ndi pafupifupi 26-36%. Chifukwa chakuti silicon dioxide imasungunuka ndi 1720 ℃ ndipo aluminiyamu oxide ndi 2060 ℃, zonsezi ndi zotsutsana kwambiri. Chifukwa chake, mkanda woyandama uli ndi kukana moto kwambiri, komwe nthawi zambiri kumafika 1620-1800 ℃, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti ukhale wotsutsana bwino kwambiri. Kulemera kopepuka, kutentha koteteza kutentha. Khoma la mkanda woyandama ndi lopyapyala komanso lopanda kanthu, ndipo m'mimba mwake ndi theka la vacuum. Pali mpweya wochepa kwambiri (N2, H2, CO2, etc.), ndipo kutentha kumachepa kwambiri. Chifukwa chake, mikanda yoyandama si yopepuka kokha (250-450 kg/m3). Kukula kwa tinthu tachilengedwe ta mikanda yoyandama ndi 1-250 microns. Mikanda yoyenda ingagwiritsidwe ntchito mwachindunji popanda kupukutira. Kusalala kwake kumatha kukwaniritsa zosowa za zinthu zosiyanasiyana. Zipangizo zina zochepetsera kutentha nthawi zambiri zimakhala ndi tinthu tating'onoting'ono tating'onoting'ono (monga perlite). Ngati ziphwanyidwa, mphamvu yake imawonjezeka kwambiri, ndipo kutentha kwake kumachepa kwambiri. Pachifukwa ichi, mikanda yoyenda ili ndi ubwino. Kuteteza kwabwino kwambiri kwamagetsi. Mkanda woyandama pambuyo poti mkanda wamaginito wasankhidwa ndi chinthu choteteza chomwe chimagwira ntchito bwino kwambiri ndipo sichiyendetsa magetsi. Kawirikawiri, kukana kwa zotetezera kutentha kumachepa ndi kutentha, pomwe mikanda yoyandama imawonjezeka ndi kutentha. Ubwino uwu suli ndi zipangizo zina zotetezera kutentha. Chifukwa chake, ungagwiritsidwe ntchito popanga zinthu zotetezera kutentha pa kutentha kwambiri.