Kapangidwe ka mankhwala ka mikanda yoyandama ndi oxide ya silicon ndi aluminiyamu, momwe muli silicon dioxide pafupifupi 50-65%, ndipo muli aluminium oxide pafupifupi 25-35%. Chifukwa chakuti kutentha kwa silica kumakhala kokwera kufika 1725 ℃ ndipo alumina ndi 2050 ℃, zonsezi ndi zinthu zotsutsana kwambiri. Chifukwa chake, mikanda yoyandama imakhala ndi kukana kwakukulu, nthawi zambiri mpaka 1600-1700 ℃, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti ikhale yolimba kwambiri. Kulemera kopepuka, kutenthetsa kutentha. Khoma la mikanda yoyandama ndi lopyapyala komanso lopanda kanthu, m'mimba mwake ndi theka la vacuum, mpweya wochepa kwambiri (N2, H2 ndi CO2, ndi zina zotero), ndipo kutentha kumachepa pang'onopang'ono komanso kochepa kwambiri. Chifukwa chake, mikanda yoyandama si yopepuka polemera kokha (kulemera kwa voliyumu 250-450 kg / m3), komanso yabwino kwambiri pakuteteza kutentha (kutulutsa kutentha 0.08-0.1 kutentha kwa chipinda), zomwe zimayika maziko kuti zigwire ntchito yofunika kwambiri pakupanga zinthu zoteteza kutentha pang'ono.

Kulimba kwambiri ndi mphamvu. Popeza mkanda woyandama ndi thupi lolimba lagalasi lopangidwa ndi silica alumina mineral phase (quartz ndi mullite), kulimba kwake kumatha kufika Mohs 6-7, mphamvu ya kupanikizika kosasinthasintha imatha kufika 70-140mpa, ndipo kukhuthala kwake kwenikweni ndi 2.10-2.20g/cm3, komwe kuli kofanana ndi kwa miyala. Chifukwa chake, mikanda yoyandama imakhala ndi mphamvu zambiri. Kawirikawiri, zinthu zopepuka kapena zopanda kanthu monga perlite, boiling rock, diatomite, sepiolite ndi expanded vermiculite zimakhala ndi kuuma kochepa komanso mphamvu. Zinthu zotenthetsera kutentha kapena zinthu zopepuka zopepuka zopangidwa kuchokera pamenepo zimakhala ndi vuto la mphamvu yochepa. Zofooka zawo ndi mphamvu za mikanda yoyandama, kotero mikanda yoyandama ili ndi ubwino wopikisana kwambiri komanso ntchito zambiri. Kukula kwa tinthu tating'onoting'ono ndikwabwino ndipo malo enieni a pamwamba ndi akulu. Kukula kwachilengedwe kwa mikanda yoyandama ndi 1-250 μ M. Malo enieni a pamwamba ndi 300-360cm2 / g, ofanana ndi a simenti. Chifukwa chake, mikanda yoyandama ingagwiritsidwe ntchito mwachindunji popanda kupukutira.

Kusalala kumatha kukwaniritsa zosowa za zinthu zosiyanasiyana, zinthu zina zopepuka zotetezera kutentha nthawi zambiri zimakhala zazikulu kukula kwa tinthu tating'onoting'ono (monga perlite, ndi zina zotero), ngati kugaya kudzawonjezera mphamvu, kotero kuti kutetezera kutentha kumachepa kwambiri. Pachifukwa ichi, mikanda yoyandama ili ndi ubwino. Kuteteza kwabwino kwambiri kwamagetsi. Mikanda yoyandama ndi zinthu zabwino kwambiri zotetezera kutentha ndipo sizimayendetsa mpweya. Kawirikawiri, kukana kwa insulator kumachepa ndi kutentha, koma kukana kwa slate yoyandama kumawonjezeka ndi kutentha. Ubwino uwu suli ndi zipangizo zina zotetezera kutentha. Chifukwa chake, imatha kupanga zinthu zotetezera kutentha pansi pa kutentha kwambiri.