Diatomite ndi mtundu wa miyala ya siliceous, yomwe imafalitsidwa makamaka ku China, United States, Japan, Denmark, France, Romania ndi mayiko ena.Ndi thanthwe la biogenic siliceous sedimentary, makamaka lopangidwa ndi zotsalira za diatoms zakale.Mankhwala ake makamaka SiO2, omwe amatha kufotokozedwa ngati SiO2 · nH2O, ndipo kapangidwe kake ka mchere ndi opal ndi mitundu yake.Zosungirako za diatomite ku China ndi matani 320 miliyoni, ndipo nkhokwe zomwe zikuyembekezeka ndizoposa matani 2 biliyoni.

Kachulukidwe ka diatomite ndi 1.9-2.3g/cm3, kachulukidwe kake ndi 0.34-0.65g/cm3, malo enieni ndi 40-65 ㎡/g, ndipo voliyumu ya pore ndi 0.45-0.98m ³/ g.Mayamwidwe amadzi ndi nthawi 2-4 ya voliyumu yake, ndipo malo osungunuka ndi 1650C-1750 ℃.Mapangidwe apadera a porous amatha kuwonedwa pansi pa maikulosikopu ya elekitironi.

Diatomite imapangidwa ndi amorphous SiO2 ndipo ili ndi zochepa za Fe2O3, CaO, MgO, Al2O3 ndi zonyansa zakuthupi.Diatomite nthawi zambiri imakhala yachikasu kapena imvi, yofewa, yopepuka komanso yopepuka.Nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito m'mafakitale ngati zinthu zotsekemera zotentha, zosefera, zodzaza, zotsekemera, magalasi amadzi amadzimadzi, decolorizing agent, diatomite filter aid, catalyst carrier, etc. Chigawo chachikulu cha diatomite zachilengedwe ndi SiO2.Diatomite yapamwamba kwambiri ndi yoyera, ndipo zomwe zili mu SiO2 nthawi zambiri zimaposa 70%.Ma diatomu a monomer ndi opanda mtundu komanso owonekera.Mtundu wa diatomite zimadalira dongo mchere ndi organic kanthu, etc. zikuchokera diatomite ku magwero osiyanasiyana mchere ndi osiyana.

Diatomite ndi mtundu wa fossil diatom accumulative deposit deposits yomwe imapangidwa pambuyo pa kufa kwa chomera chokhala ndi selo imodzi chotchedwa diatom patatha zaka pafupifupi 10000 mpaka 20000.Diatom ndi imodzi mwa protozoa yakale kwambiri padziko lapansi, yomwe imakhala m'madzi a m'nyanja kapena m'nyanja.

Diatomite iyi imapangidwa ndi kusungidwa kwa zotsalira za chomera cham'madzi chokhala ndi celled imodzi.Ntchito yapadera ya diatom iyi ndikuti imatha kuyamwa silicon yaulere m'madzi kuti ipange mafupa ake.Moyo wake ukatha, imasungitsa ndi kupanga madipoziti a diatomite pansi pazikhalidwe zina.Ili ndi zinthu zina zapadera, monga porosity, ndende yotsika, malo akuluakulu enieni, kusagwirizana kwachibale ndi kukhazikika kwa mankhwala.Pambuyo kusintha tinthu kukula kugawa ndi pamwamba zimatha yaiwisi nthaka mwa akupera, kusanja, calcination, mpweya otaya gulu, zonyansa kuchotsa ndi njira zina processing, angagwiritsidwe ntchito zosiyanasiyana mafakitale amafuna monga zowonjezera utoto.