Petroleum coke ndi mafuta olimba akuda kapena akuda okhala ndi kuwala kwachitsulo ndipo ali ndi mabowo.

Zigawo za petroleum coke ndi ma hydrocarbon, okhala ndi 90-97% ya kaboni, 1.5-8% ya haidrojeni, nayitrogeni, chlorine, sulfure ndi heavy metal compounds. Petroleum coke ndi chinthu chochokera ku pyrolysis ya mafuta odyetsera m'magawo ochedwa coking pa kutentha kwakukulu kuti apange zinthu zamafuta opepuka. Mafuta opangidwa ndi petroleum coke ndi pafupifupi 25-30% ya mafuta osaphika. Mtengo wake wotsika wa calorific ndi pafupifupi nthawi 1.5-2 kuposa malasha, kuchuluka kwa phulusa sikupitirira 0.5%, volatile matter ndi pafupifupi 11%, ndipo mtundu wake uli pafupi ndi anthracite. Malinga ndi kapangidwe ndi mawonekedwe a petroleum coke, zinthu za petroleum coke zitha kugawidwa m'mitundu inayi: singano coke, sponge coke, projectile coke ndi powder coke:

(1) Needle coke, yokhala ndi kapangidwe kofanana ndi singano komanso kapangidwe ka ulusi, imagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka ngati ma electrode a graphite amphamvu kwambiri komanso amphamvu kwambiri popanga zitsulo. Popeza needle coke ili ndi zofunikira zowunikira khalidwe malinga ndi kuchuluka kwa sulfure, kuchuluka kwa phulusa, zinthu zosinthasintha komanso kuchuluka kwenikweni, pali zofunikira zapadera paukadaulo wopanga needle coke ndi zinthu zopangira.

(2) Siponji coke, yokhala ndi mankhwala ambiri komanso zinthu zochepa zodetsa, imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri m'makampani osungunula aluminiyamu komanso makampani opanga mpweya wa kaboni.

(3) Chokokera kapena chozungulira: Ndi chozungulira ndipo chili ndi mainchesi 0.6-30mm. Nthawi zambiri chimapangidwa kuchokera ku mafuta otsala a sulfure wambiri komanso asphalt wambiri ndipo chingagwiritsidwe ntchito ngati mafuta a mafakitale monga kupanga magetsi ndi simenti.

(4) Powder coke: Imapangidwa pogwiritsa ntchito njira yophikira madzi, yokhala ndi tinthu tating'onoting'ono (0.1-0.4mm m'mimba mwake), kuchuluka kwa volatility komanso kutentha kwakukulu, kotero singagwiritsidwe ntchito mwachindunji pokonzekera ma electrode ndi makampani opanga kaboni.

Malinga ndi kuchuluka kwa sulfure, ikhoza kugawidwa m'magulu awiri: coke ya sulfure yokhala ndi sulfure yambiri (kuchuluka kwa sulfure pamwamba pa 3%) ndi coke ya sulfure yochepa (kuchuluka kwa sulfure pansi pa 3%). Coke ya sulfure yochepa ingagwiritsidwe ntchito ngati phala la anode ndi ma anode ophikidwa kale pa zomera za aluminiyamu komanso ngati ma electrode a graphite pa zomera zachitsulo. Pakati pawo, coke ya sulfure yochepa (kuchuluka kwa sulfure pansi pa 0.5%) ingagwiritsidwe ntchito popanga ma electrode a graphite ndi zowonjezerera kaboni. Coke ya sulfure yochepa yamtundu wonse (kuchepera 1.5% sulfure) nthawi zambiri imagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga ma anode ophikidwa kale. Coke ya petroleum yochepa imagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka posungunula silicon yamafakitale ndikupanga phala la anode. Coke ya sulfure yambiri nthawi zambiri imagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati mafuta m'mafakitale a simenti ndi m'mafakitale amagetsi.

Calcined Petroleum Coke:

Pankhani ya ma electrode a graphite opangira zitsulo kapena ma anode pastes (ma electrode osungunula) opangira aluminiyamu ndi magnesium, kuti agwirizane ndi zofunikira za petroleum coke (green coke) ndi zofunikira, green coke iyenera kuyikidwa calcium. Kutentha kwa calcination nthawi zambiri kumakhala pafupifupi 1300 ° C, cholinga chake ndikuchotsa zigawo zosasunthika za petroleum coke momwe zingathere. Mwanjira imeneyi, kuchuluka kwa haidrojeni mu petroleum coke yobwezerezedwanso kumatha kuchepetsedwa, ndipo digiri ya graphitization ya petroleum coke ikhoza kukwezedwa, motero kukweza mphamvu yotentha komanso kukana kutentha kwa graphite electrode, ndikukweza kuyendetsa kwamagetsi kwa graphite electrode. Calcined coke imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri popanga ma electrode a graphite, zinthu zopangidwa ndi carbon paste, mchenga wa diamondi, mafakitale a phosphorous, mafakitale a zitsulo ndi calcium carbide, pakati pa omwe ma electrode a graphite ndi omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri. Green coke ingagwiritsidwe ntchito mwachindunji pa calcium carbide ngati chinthu chachikulu cha calcium carbide popanda calcination, ndikupanga silicon carbide ndi boron carbide ngati zinthu zowononga. Itha kugwiritsidwanso ntchito mwachindunji ngati coke ya ng'anjo yophulika m'makampani opanga zitsulo kapena njerwa ya kaboni ya ng'anjo yophulika pakhoma, ndipo ingagwiritsidwenso ntchito ngati coke yokhuthala popangira zinthu.