Silika, yomwe imadziwika kuti white carbon black, ndi silika yopangidwa ndi amorphous synthetic silica (SiO₂·nH₂O) yokhala ndi malo apadera, mphamvu yabwino kwambiri yolimbitsa komanso mankhwala okhazikika. Ndi ufa woyera, wopanda poizoni, wopanda fungo, womwe umadziwika kwambiri ngati chinthu chofunikira kwambiri chogwira ntchito m'mafakitale amakono a rabara ndi ma polima. Mosiyana ndi carbon black, silika imapereka mphamvu zambiri komanso mitundu yowala, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti ikhale yofunika kwambiri pamatayala obiriwira, zinthu za rabara zamitundu yosiyanasiyana komanso ma elastomer apamwamba.
Kupanga silika m'mafakitale kumagwiritsa ntchito kwambirinjira ya mvulandinjira yopsereza. Silika yonyowaImapangidwa posakaniza sodium silicate ndi asidi, kutsatiridwa ndi kutsuka, kuumitsa ndi kugaya; ili ndi malo ocheperako (150–400 m²/g) komanso mtengo wotsika, yoyenera matayala ndi rabara wamba. Silika yofukiza imapangidwa ndi hydrolysis ya silicon halide yotentha kwambiri, yokhala ndi tinthu tating'onoting'ono (10–40 nm), kuyera kwambiri (SiO₂ ≥99.8%) ndi kapangidwe ka unyolo wa 3D, koyenera kupangira zokutira zapamwamba, zomatira ndi zamagetsi.
Ubwino waukulu wa silica uli mukulimbikitsa, kukhuthala/thixotropy, kuletsa kukhazikika komanso kukhazikika kwa mankhwalaMu rabara, imawonjezera mphamvu yokoka ndi 200–300%, imawonjezera kukana kutopa ndipo imachepetsa kukana kugwedezeka ndi 20–30%. Mu machitidwe amadzimadzi, imapanga netiweki yosinthika: yokhuthala ikapuma, yopyapyala pansi pa shear, yoyenera zokutira ndi inki. Sisungunuka m'madzi ndi zosungunulira zambiri, imapirira kutentha komanso siyaka moto, ndikutsimikizira kukhazikika m'malo ovuta.
Pulogalamu yayikulu kwambiri ndimakampani opanga rabala (gawo la ≈58%), makamaka matayala obiriwira. Kuyika silica m'malo mwa 30–50% yakuda kwa kaboni ndi silica kumachepetsa kukana kugwedezeka, kumawonjezera kugwiritsa ntchito bwino mafuta ndi 5–7% komanso kumawonjezera kukana kutsetsereka konyowa. Imagwiritsidwanso ntchito m'mapazi a nsapato, mapayipi, zisindikizo ndi zinthu za silikoni kuti ikhale yolimba komanso yosavuta kuigwiritsa ntchito. Mu zokutira/inki, silica imagwira ntchito ngati choletsa kukhazikika, chowongolera rheology komanso chothandizira kutsekereza. Mu ulimi, imagwira ntchito ngati chonyamulira komanso chofalitsira mankhwala ophera tizilombo ndi feteleza.
Kusankha khalidwe kumayang'ana kwambirimalo enieni a pamwamba, kufalikira kwa tinthu tating'onoting'ono, pH ndi chinyeziSilika yapamwamba kwambiri imakhala yosalala nthawi zonse, imakhala ndi dothi lochepa komanso imafalikira bwino. Monga ogulitsa akatswiri, timapereka silica yamtundu wa rabara, yopaka utoto komanso yopangidwa ndi chakudya yokhala ndi mtundu wokhazikika komanso chithandizo chaukadaulo.
Poyerekeza ndi kaboni wakuda, silika imaperekakuyanjana kwa mitundu, kukana kugwedezeka pang'ono komanso kukhazikika bwino kwa UVSi chinthu chongodzaza zinthu zokha komanso chothandizira pa ntchito zamakono. Chifukwa cha kukula kwa matayala obiriwira komanso kupanga zinthu zapamwamba, silika ikadali yofunika kwambiri.
Timapanga ndi kupereka silica mwapadera, timapereka magiredi okonzedwa mwamakonda komanso kutumiza zinthu zambiri. Kuti mudziwe zambiri, zitsanzo ndi mitengo, titumizireni nthawi iliyonse.
Nthawi yotumizira: Meyi-15-2026